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KMID : 0388519890010010072
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Nursing Science - Ewha Womans University
1989 Volume.1 No. 1 p.72 ~ p.83
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The Relationship of Movement, Time and Institutionalized Older Women´s Health
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Lee Kwang-Ok
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Abstract
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This descriptive correlational study was undertaken in order to test the relationship between older women´s health and the concepts of movement, space and time.
For the theoretial background of this study, the researcher used the concept of health according to M. Newman´s as Expanding Consciousness.
The sampling method was a purposible sampling method technique. A sample of 75 institutionalized older women over the age of 60 from one Senior Citizens Home was obtained. The data were collected from July 18 to July 28, 1989.
Health was also measured by S.I.P. (Sickness Impact Profile) which evaluates the impact of sickness on the performance of a wide variety of activity. Movement was measured by walking cadence, the number of steps walked per minute. Time was measured by the perceived duration of a 40second interval of clock time using the production method.
The pearson correlation technique was used to determine by the noncausal t elationship between the concepts of movement a1d time postulation by Newman´s framework of health. Stepwise multiple linar regression was used to examine the independent contributions of age, and control variablespulse, respiration, temperature, length of residence and time of data collection analyse the explanation of movement, time and health.
The results included the following :
1. The internal consistency reliability of the S.I.P. was high(Cronbach´s Alpha=.85) : The TestRetest coefficient of stability of movement was r=.86, and of stability of time was r=.81.
2. The older women´s mean age was 76.74( SD= 0.33), mean pulse was 78.6 / min.(SD=10.61), mean respiration was 21.11 / min.( SD=2.44 ), mean length of residence was 69.75 months(SD=90.7 5), mean time of data collection was 14.51 hours (SD=2.18) . The mean overall percent score of health was 13.00 in range from 0 to 1001(SD=6 .11).
The lower the score the higher the health functioning. movement score was 84.88 steps / min (SD=20.02), and the perceived duration of time was 24.44 sec.(SD=14.51).
3. There was positive relationship between health and movement(r=-.358, p=.000). Movement, respiration, age, and temperature were related to health in a stepwise manner and accounted for 31 % of the health variance. Movement accounted for 16 % of the variance.
4. There was no statistically significant correlation between health and time (r= -.013, p=.90 1).
5. There was an inverse relationship between movement and time(r=-.287, p=.006). Health, perceived duration of time, and length of residence were related to moverment in a stepwise manner and the three variables together accounted for 24 % of the movement variable. Perceived durationof time accounted for 8 % of the movement variable. In conclusion, the significant relationship between health and movement, and between movement and time supported Newman- Theory.
Speed inherant in both movement and time, may be an important qualitative dimension of functional health.
Measurement of time duration among Korean people is not linear and proved difficult for the subjects. A difficult measure of time duration is needed for study with oriental subjects.
Future research should focus on expanding the generalzability and validity of movement as a measure of health, and speed as a qualitative dimension of functional health. Also, cohorts of older people with varying characteristics should be studied to specify the types of activity associated with walking cadence.
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